Question

multiselect - answer the question. applying newton’s laws to amusement park rides roller coaster image 6. newton’s laws of motion describe how force, mass, and acceleration interact, resulting in exciting amusement park rides, such as roller coasters. which statements accurately describe newton’s laws of motion during a roller coaster ride? select two correct answers. a. the passenger’s inertia causes the passenger to stop moving when a roller coaster stops. b. the passenger’s inertia causes the passenger to keep moving forward when a roller coaster stops. c. the acceleration of a roller coaster is dependent on its mass and the net force acting upon it. d. the acceleration of a roller coaster is indirectly proportional to the amount of force the passenger feels. e. the passenger pushes on the safety restraint, and the safety restraint pushes in the same direction on the passenger.

Explanation:

• Option A: Inertia is the tendency to resist motion change. When the roller coaster stops, inertia makes the passenger tend to keep moving, not stop. So A is wrong.
• Option B: Newton's first law (inertia) states that an object in motion stays in motion unless a net force acts. When the coaster stops, the passenger's inertia makes them keep moving forward. So B is correct.
• Option C: Newton's second law is \( F = ma \) (or \( a=\frac{F}{m} \)), meaning acceleration (\( a \)) depends on net force (\( F \)) and mass (\( m \)). For a roller coaster, its acceleration depends on its mass and the net force on it. So C is correct.
• Option D: From \( F = ma \), acceleration is directly proportional to force (when mass is constant). The force a passenger feels is related to the coaster's acceleration (via \( F = ma \) for the passenger's mass). So D's "indirectly proportional" is wrong.
• Option E: Newton's third law says that if the passenger pushes the restraint (action), the restraint pushes the passenger with an equal and opposite force, not the same direction. So E is wrong.

Answer:

B. The passenger’s inertia causes the passenger to keep moving forward when a roller coaster stops.
C. The acceleration of a roller coaster is dependent on its mass and the net force acting upon it.