Question

the muslim empires: the spread and impact of islam
the rise of the muslim empires transformed much of the world after the 7th century. islam began in the arabian peninsula and quickly spread across the middle east, north africa, and into parts of europe and asia. after the death of the prophet muhammad, leaders called caliphs guided the muslim community. over time, disagreements about leadership caused divisions within islam, leading to the sunni, shia (shiite), and sufi branches. the umayyad dynasty expanded the empire into spain and north africa, while the abbasid dynasty moved the capital to baghdad and focused on culture and trade. however, as the empire grew, it faced internal struggles, invasions, and eventually declined. conquered peoples often kept their own religions but paid a tax. muslim rule deeply influenced places like north africa and spain, leaving a legacy seen in art, science, and architecture. later, the mongols swept through central asia, further changing the regions history.
fill in the blank: fill in the blank with the correct words.

1. the first leaders after muhammads death were called ____________.
2. the division between ____________ and shia muslims began over who should lead the community.
3. the ____________ dynasty moved the capital city to baghdad.
4. a tall tower from which muslims are called to prayer is known as a ____________.
5. the ____________ created a muslim state in spain, known as al - andalus.

word bank:
umayyad, sunni, minaret, caliphs, abbasid

Explanation:

1. After Muhammad's death, leaders of the Muslim community were called caliphs.
2. The main division within Islam is between Sunni and Shia Muslims over leadership.
3. The Abbasid dynasty moved the capital to Baghdad.
4. A minaret is a tall tower from which Muslims are called to prayer.
5. The Umayyad dynasty created a Muslim state in Spain known as Al - Andalus.

Answer:

1. caliphs
2. Sunni
3. Abbasid
4. minaret
5. Umayyad