Question

name aiden tafiro chapter 4: the enlightenment and revolutions chapter 4, lesson 1 (pages 72 - 77) 1. where did medieval scientists get their ideas from? 2. how did learning greek help them to question these teachings? 3. list two inventions that helped spur the scientific revolution. 4. what was the key to understanding the nature of things in the universe? 5. how did copernicus heliocentric model differ from the geocentric model? 6. what did kepler say about the planetary orbits? 7. what 3 discoveries did galileo make? 8. why was the catholic church upset at these findings? 9. what did newtons laws of motion create?

Explanation:

1. Medieval scientists drew ideas from ancient Greek and Roman texts, as well as Islamic - world works. These sources were repositories of knowledge on various scientific topics.
2. Learning Greek allowed access to original works for direct analysis, enabling medieval scientists to question and re - evaluate traditional teachings.
3. The telescope and the printing press were two inventions that spurred the Scientific Revolution. The telescope expanded observational capabilities in astronomy, and the printing press spread scientific knowledge more widely.
4. The key to understanding the nature of things in the universe was often considered to be the use of observation, experimentation, and the development of mathematical models.
5. Copernicus' heliocentric model placed the Sun at the center of the solar system, contrasting with the geocentric model which had the Earth at the center.
6. Kepler stated that the planetary orbits were elliptical, not circular as previously thought.
7. Galileo made discoveries such as the phases of Venus, the moons of Jupiter, and the craters on the Moon. These observations supported the heliocentric model.
8. The Catholic Church was upset because these scientific findings challenged the long - held religious and Aristotelian views of the universe, which placed Earth and humanity at the center.
9. Newton's laws of motion created a unified framework for understanding the motion of objects on Earth and in space, and they were fundamental to the development of classical mechanics.

Answer:

1. Ancient Greek and Roman texts, Islamic - world works.
2. Allowed access to original works for direct analysis.
3. Telescope, printing press.
4. Observation, experimentation, mathematical models.
5. Heliocentric model has Sun at center, geocentric has Earth at center.
6. Planetary orbits are elliptical.
7. Phases of Venus, moons of Jupiter, craters on the Moon.
8. Challenged religious and Aristotelian views of the universe.
9. A unified framework for understanding motion, fundamental to classical mechanics.