Question

name mahdi tawfig b block 7/10/2025
nucleic acids pogil and vocabulary activity
part i: the big picture
use the diagram to the right to answer questions 1 - 5.

1. what does dna stand for?
2. what does rna stand for?
3. based on their names, what type of organic compound is dna & rna? (1) carbohydrate (2) protein (3) nucleic acid (4) lipid
4. in what organelle is dna found?
5. what are the four bases that make up a) dna? b) rna?
6. put the following terms in order of decreasing size.

terms: dna, cell, gene, chromosome, nucleus, base
part ii: looking closer - the small picture
use the diagram and information below to answer questions 6 - 9.
nucleotides are the building blocks of dna & rna. these are the structures that bond together to create the larger dna molecule. the diagram below shows the structure of a nucleotide. the base can be any of the five bases found in nucleic acids (a, t, c, g, or u).
a nucleotide

1. what is a nucleotide?
2. identify the three parts of a nucleotide.
3. what is the sugar found in dna? what is the sugar found in rna?
4. why are the bases called nitrogenous?

Explanation:

1. DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic Acid by common biological - naming convention.
2. RNA stands for Ribonucleic Acid by common biological - naming convention.
3. DNA and RNA are nucleic acids as indicated by their names and biological classification.
4. DNA is mainly found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
5. a) The four bases in DNA are Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G). b) The four bases in RNA are Adenine (A), Uracil (U), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G).
6. Cells contain nuclei, nuclei contain chromosomes, chromosomes contain DNA, DNA contains genes, and genes are made up of bases. So the order is Cell > Nucleus > Chromosome > DNA > Gene > Base.
7. A nucleotide is a building - block of DNA and RNA.
8. A nucleotide has three parts: a phosphate group, a five - carbon sugar (deoxyribose in DNA and ribose in RNA), and a nitrogenous base.
9. The sugar in DNA is deoxyribose and in RNA is ribose.
10. Bases are called nitrogenous because they contain nitrogen atoms in their chemical structure.

Answer:

1. Deoxyribonucleic Acid
2. Ribonucleic Acid
3. (3) Nucleic Acid
4. Nucleus
5. a) Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G)

b) Adenine (A), Uracil (U), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G)

1. Cell > Nucleus > Chromosome > DNA > Gene > Base
2. A building - block of DNA and RNA
3. Phosphate group, five - carbon sugar, nitrogenous base
4. Deoxyribose in DNA; Ribose in RNA
5. Because they contain nitrogen atoms in their chemical structure