Question

name station #1: sponge vocab matching! date pd active transport asymmetrical central cavity choanocytes gametes gemmules mesenchyme cells monoecious multicellular pinacocytes spicules spongin toxins a. flagella creates currents pulling food into collar for filter feeding b. dissolved nutrients diffuse across cell membranes c. engulf or phagocytize larger food particles d. sexual reproduction with both sexes in the same individual e. asexual reproduction - masses of amoeboid cells that organize into a sponge f. skeleton of needle - like spikes used for support g. fibrous protein made of collagen used for support h. amoeboid cells; used for reproduction and food transport i. sex cells (sperm and egg cells) j. sponges chemical defense against predators k. no body symmetry l. where water circulates during feeding m. having more than one type of cell comprising the body station #2: skeleton comparison 1. view each image in the microscope. label each image as either spicules or spongin 2. spicules are made of 3. spongin is made of 4. how is the artificial sponge different from the real sponges?

Explanation:

1. For the vocabulary - matching part:

• Active transport: There is no direct match in the given options as the options are mainly about sponge - related structures and functions, not transport mechanisms.
• Asymmetrical: K. No body symmetry
• Central cavity: L. where water circulates during feeding
• Choanocytes: A. Flagella creates currents pulling food into collar for filter feeding
• Gametes: I. sex cells (sperm and egg cells)
• Gemmules: E. asexual reproduction - masses of amoeboid cells that organize into a sponge
• Mesenchyme cells: H. amoeboid cells; used for reproduction and food transport
• Monoecious: D. sexual reproduction with both sexes in the same individual
• Multicellular: M. having more than one type of cell comprising the body
• Pinacocytes: There is no direct match in the given options as they are the outer - layer cells of a sponge not well - described in the options.
• Spicules: F. skeleton of needle - like spikes used for support
• Spongin: G. fibrous protein made of collagen used for support
• Toxins: J. sponges chemical defense against predators

1. For the skeleton comparison part:

• The first image is of spicules (needle - like structures). The second image is of spongin (fibrous network).
• Spicules are made of calcium carbonate or silica.
• Spongin is made of a fibrous protein made of collagen.
• Artificial sponges are usually made of synthetic materials like polyurethane, while real sponges are living organisms with a complex cellular structure and biological functions.

Answer:

1. Vocabulary - matching:

• Asymmetrical: K. No body symmetry
• Central cavity: L. where water circulates during feeding
• Choanocytes: A. Flagella creates currents pulling food into collar for filter feeding
• Gametes: I. sex cells (sperm and egg cells)
• Gemmules: E. asexual reproduction - masses of amoeboid cells that organize into a sponge
• Mesenchyme cells: H. amoeboid cells; used for reproduction and food transport
• Monoecious: D. sexual reproduction with both sexes in the same individual
• Multicellular: M. having more than one type of cell comprising the body
• Spicules: F. skeleton of needle - like spikes used for support
• Spongin: G. fibrous protein made of collagen used for support
• Toxins: J. sponges chemical defense against predators

1. Skeleton comparison:

• First image: Spicules
• Second image: Spongin
• Spicules are made of calcium carbonate or silica.
• Spongin is made of a fibrous protein made of collagen.
• Artificial sponges are made of synthetic materials (e.g., polyurethane), while real sponges are living organisms with a cellular structure and biological functions.