Question

1. the ______ nervous system is responsible for responses such as pupil dilation, increased heart rate, and increased respiration.

a. autonomic
b. somatic
c. sympathetic
d. parasympathetic

1. ashya wants to focus on the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders and other problematic patterns of behavior. what area of psychology should she work in?

a. counseling psychology
b. social psychology
c. clinical psychology
d. cognitive psychology

1. dr. mattar is interested in knowing more about brain injury to the occipital cortex, and he studies patients individually in order to gain in - depth knowledge about their behaviors. these studies would best be described as ______.

a. cross - sectional
b. correlational
c. surveys
d. case studies

1. a negative correlation means ______.

a. there is a relationship between two variables, but it is not statistically significant
b. a third variable eliminates a correlational relationship
c. two variables increase together, but they are associated with an undesirable outcome
d. one variable decreases as the other increases

Explanation:

1. The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the "fight - or - flight" responses like pupil dilation, increased heart rate, and increased respiration. The autonomic nervous system has both sympathetic and parasympathetic parts. The somatic nervous system controls voluntary muscle movement.
2. Clinical psychology focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders and problematic patterns of behavior. Counseling psychology is more about general adjustment and development issues, social psychology studies how people interact in social settings, and cognitive psychology focuses on mental processes like thinking and memory.
3. Case studies involve in - depth examination of individual cases. Cross - sectional studies compare different groups at one time, correlational studies look at relationships between variables, and surveys involve collecting data from a large number of people.
4. A negative correlation means that as one variable increases, the other decreases. A lack of statistical significance is not related to the sign of the correlation. A third variable affecting a correlation is about confounding, and variables increasing together is a positive correlation.

Answer:

1. c. sympathetic
2. c. clinical psychology
3. d. case studies
4. d. one variable decreases as the other increases