Question

niels bohr (1913): niels bohr was a danish physicist. he proposed a model of the atom that is similar to the model of the solar system. the electrons go around the nucleus like planets orbit around the sun. all electrons have their energy levels - a certain distance from the nucleus. each energy level can hold a certain number of electrons. level 1 can hold 2 electrons, level 2 - 8 electrons, level 3 - 18 electrons, and level 4 - 32 electrons. the energy of electrons goes up from level 1 to other levels. when electrons release (lose) energy they go down a level. when electrons absorb (gain) energy, they go to a higher level. 1. why could bohrs model be called a planetary model of the atom? 2. how do electrons in the same atom differ? 3. how many electrons can the fourth energy level hold? 4. would an electron have to absorb or release energy to jump from the second energy level to the third energy level? 5. for an electron to fall from the third energy level to the second energy level, it must energy.

Explanation:

Step1: Answer question 1

Bohr's model is a planetary - like model where electrons orbit the nucleus at fixed energy levels. It is called a planetary model because electrons move around the nucleus similar to how planets orbit the sun.

Step2: Answer question 2

Electrons in the same atom can differ in their energy levels and distances from the nucleus. Each energy level can hold a certain number of electrons, and electrons can move between levels by absorbing or releasing energy.

Step3: Answer question 3

The formula to calculate the number of electrons a shell (energy level) can hold is \(2n^{2}\), where \(n\) is the principal quantum number of the shell. For the fourth energy level (\(n = 4\)), \(2\times4^{2}=2\times16 = 32\).

Step4: Answer question 4

To jump from a lower energy level (second) to a higher energy level (third), an electron must absorb energy. To fall from a higher energy level (third) to a lower energy level (second), an electron must release energy.

Step5: Answer question 5

To fall from the third energy level to the second energy level, an electron must release energy. This is because the second energy level is of lower energy than the third, and the electron moves to a more stable, lower - energy state.

Answer:

1. Bohr's model is called a planetary model of the atom because electrons orbit the nucleus like planets orbit the sun.
2. Electrons in the same atom can differ in energy levels and distances from the nucleus.
3. The fourth energy level can hold 32 electrons.
4. To jump from the second to the third energy level, an electron must absorb energy. To jump from the third to the second energy level, an electron must release energy.
5. To fall from the third energy level to the second energy level, an electron must release energy.