Question

potential energy
potential energy is energy of position. an object gets potential energy from height, mass and gravity. an object with potential energy has the potential to do work. this potential is only released when the object falls.
kinetic energy
kinetic energy is energy of motion. an object gets kinetic energy from its mass and velocity. an object with kinetic energy has energy stored in motion.
(1) an object that is not moving has __________ (potential or kinetic energy)?
(2) an object that is moving has __________ (potential or kinetic energy)?
these graphs shows a ball rolling from a to g.
(3) which letter shows the ball when it has the maximum kinetic energy? __________
(4) which letter shows the ball when it has the maximum potential energy? __________
(5) which letter shows the ball when it has the least potential energy? __________
(6) which letter shows the ball when it has the least kinetic energy? __________

Explanation:

Step1: Recall energy - motion relationship

Kinetic energy is energy of motion. An object moving has kinetic energy and an object not moving has no kinetic energy. Potential energy is energy of position.

Step2: Analyze kinetic - energy maximum

The maximum kinetic energy occurs at the lowest - point of the ball's path where its speed is the highest. For the ball rolling from A to G, the lowest point is D.

Step3: Analyze potential - energy maximum

The maximum potential energy occurs at the highest - point of the ball's path. Here, the highest points are A and G.

Step4: Analyze potential - energy minimum

The minimum potential energy occurs at the lowest - point of the ball's path. The lowest point is D.

Step5: Analyze kinetic - energy minimum

The minimum kinetic energy occurs at the highest - points (where the ball's speed is momentarily 0), which are A and G.

Answer:

(1) Potential
(2) Kinetic
(3) D
(4) A, G
(5) D
(6) A, G