Question

1. practice: understanding evolution

respond to the following based on your reading.
question 1
how did the work of thomas hutton influence the thought process of charles darwin?
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question 2
malthuss work regarding population dynamics came from observations of what happened when a population was greater than the resources to support it. how is such a population controlled?
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question 3
uniformitarianism was a concept borrowed from geology. how did darwin apply it to biology?

Explanation:

Question 1: Hutton proposed the concept of uniformitarianism, which stated that the same geological processes that operate today have operated in the past. This idea gave Darwin the long - time scale necessary for evolution to occur, suggesting that the Earth was old enough for slow, gradual changes to take place in species.
Question 2: When a population exceeds the resources to support it, population control occurs through factors such as famine, disease, and war, which increase mortality rates and reduce the population size.
Question 3: Darwin applied uniformitarianism to biology by suggesting that the slow, gradual processes that shape geological features also drive biological evolution. Just as geological changes occur over long periods through consistent processes, species evolve over time through the consistent process of natural selection.

Answer:

Question 1: Hutton's uniformitarianism provided Darwin with the idea of a long - time scale for evolution.
Question 2: Through factors like famine, disease, and war which increase mortality.
Question 3: He proposed that slow, gradual processes like natural selection drive biological evolution, similar to how geological processes operate over time.