Question

probability and heredity
__________ is a number that describes how likely it is that an event will occur.
every time two parents produce offspring, the ________ of certain traits getting passed on is the ________.
to determine the probability of inheriting ________, geneticists use a tool called a ________ square.
genotype
you are already familiar with the terms ________ and ______. these terms refer to ______, an organisms ______ makeup or ______ of alleles. the ______ of an organisms genes is called its ______, the organism’s ______ appearances or visible traits. there are two terms geneticists use to describe ______, instead of staying purebred, they refer to an organisms with two identical alleles as ______ (homo- means “______”). when the alleles are both ______, the genotype is called homozygous ______. however, when the alleles are both ______, they genotype is called homozygous ______. when an organism is a ______, they genotype is called the ______ condition (hetero- means “________”).
review and reinforce: 7.1 patterns of inheritance
fill in the blanks in the table below. (use pg. 95 to help you)

1. ______ genetics a. the passing of traits from parents to offspring
2. ______ allele b. an organism with two different alleles for a trait
3. ______ trait c. a factor that controls traits
4. ______ dominant allele d. a physical characteristic of an organism
5. ______ gene e. an allele whose trait always shows up in the organism
6. ______ hybrid f. each different form of a gene
7. ______ heredity g. the scientific study of heredity
8. ______ recessive allele h. an allele whose trait is hidden in the presence of a dominant allele

Explanation:

To solve this, we match each term with its definition based on genetics concepts:

1. Genetics is the scientific study of heredity (matches g).
2. Allele is each different form of a gene (matches f).
3. Trait is a physical characteristic of an organism (matches d).
4. Dominant allele is an allele whose trait always shows up (matches e).
5. Gene is a factor that controls traits (matches c).
6. Hybrid is an organism with two different alleles (matches b).
7. Heredity is the passing of traits from parents to offspring (matches a).
8. Recessive allele is an allele whose trait is hidden (matches h).

Answer:

1. g. the scientific study of heredity
2. f. each different form of a gene
3. d. a physical characteristic of an organism
4. e. an allele whose trait always shows up in the organism
5. c. a factor that controls traits
6. b. an organism with two different alleles for a trait
7. a. the passing of traits from parents to offspring
8. h. an allele whose trait is hidden in the presence of a dominant allele