Question

quantitative methods use hypotheses, and qualitative methods use ______. a. research questions b. reliability c. variance d. operationalization

Explanation:

Quantitative research starts with hypotheses to test relationships between variables numerically. Qualitative research focuses on understanding meanings, experiences, and contexts, and it begins with research questions to explore phenomena in - depth. Reliability is a concern in both but not what qualitative methods start with. Variance is a statistical concept mainly in quantitative analysis. Operationalization is part of quantitative research to define variables for measurement.

Answer:

A. research questions