Question

question 1
bonus: how do we know which layers (i.e. core, radiation zone, convection zone, etc.) the sun has?
astronomers have developed a type of x - ray vision so they can see inside the sun.
astronomers have dropped a magnetic probe into the sun which returned a wealth of data.
astronomers use helioseismology to detect the suns layers kind of like they use seismology to detect the earths layers.
astronomers have precisely mapped the solar wind.

Explanation:

Helioseismology is the study of the internal structure of the Sun through its oscillations, similar to how seismology studies the Earth's interior. X - ray vision to see inside the Sun is not a real method. Dropping a magnetic probe into the Sun is not possible due to extreme conditions. Mapping the solar wind does not reveal the Sun's internal layers.

Answer:

Astronomers use helioseismology to detect the Sun's layers kind of like they use seismology to detect the Earth's layers.