Question

review vocabulary
choose the letter of the best answer.

1. proteins that will be released from the cell are assembled at the

a. central vacuole.
b. mitochondria.
c. rough endoplasmic reticulum.

1. the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane is called

a. homeostasis.
b. pinocytosis.
c. osmosis.
match the vocabulary term to its definition.

1. ___ a cell that has dna but no nucleus.
2. ___ a complex of protein and rna that assembles proteins.
3. ___ a protein on or in a cell that binds a chemical signal.

a. receptor
b. prokaryote
c. ribosome
review key questions
provide evidence and details to support your answers.

1. what are the three main parts of the cell theory?
2. plants and animals are both made up of eukaryotic cells. does this mean they have the same kinds of organelles? why or why not?
3. a cell makes and secretes a certain protein. explain where it is made, how it is secreted from the cell, and what kind of transport is used.
4. why do prokaryotes not have cell specialization?

Explanation:

1. Proteins to be released from the cell are assembled at the rough endoplasmic reticulum as it has ribosomes attached which are the sites of protein - synthesis.
2. Osmosis is the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane.
3. A cell with DNA but no nucleus is a prokaryote.
4. A complex of protein and RNA that assembles proteins is a ribosome.
5. A protein on or in a cell that binds a chemical signal is a receptor.
6. The three main parts of the cell theory are: all living organisms are made up of cells, the cell is the basic unit of life, and all cells come from pre - existing cells.
7. Plants and animals, though made of eukaryotic cells, do not have the same kinds of organelles. Plants have chloroplasts for photosynthesis and a large central vacuole for storage and maintaining turgor pressure, which animals lack. Animals have centrioles which are important in cell division and are not present in most plant cells.
8. A protein is made at the ribosomes (either free - floating or attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum). It is then transported to the Golgi apparatus for modification and packaging. Finally, it is secreted from the cell via exocytosis, a form of active transport.
9. Prokaryotes do not have cell specialization because they are single - celled organisms. All the necessary life - functions are carried out within a single cell, and there is no need for different cell types with specialized functions as in multicellular organisms.

Answer:

1. C. rough endoplasmic reticulum
2. C. osmosis
3. B. prokaryote
4. C. ribosome
5. A. receptor
6. All living organisms are made up of cells; the cell is the basic unit of life; all cells come from pre - existing cells.
7. No. Plants have chloroplasts and a large central vacuole that animals lack, and animals have centrioles that most plants lack.
8. Made at ribosomes, transported to Golgi for modification and packaging, secreted via exocytosis (active transport).
9. They are single - celled organisms and all life - functions are carried out in one cell.