Question

select the true statements about earths gravity.
choose 2 answers:
a the direction of earths gravitational force on an object near earth depends on the direction the object is moving.
b earths gravitational field is present in all the space around earth, whether another object is located there or not.
c earths gravity is approximately the same at the top of a tall mountain compared to ground level.
d astronauts orbiting earth do not experience a gravitational force from earth.

Explanation:

• For option A: Earth's gravitational force on a near - Earth object is always towards the center of the Earth, regardless of the object's motion direction. So A is false.
• For option B: A gravitational field is a region of space around a mass (like Earth) where a gravitational force is exerted on any other mass placed in that region. So the Earth's gravitational field exists in all space around Earth, even without another object. B is true.
• For option C: The formula for gravitational acceleration is $g = \frac{GM}{r^{2}}$, where $r$ is the distance from the center of the Earth. The height of a tall mountain is much smaller compared to the radius of the Earth. So the change in $r$ is negligible, and $g$ is approximately the same at the top of a tall mountain and at ground level. C is true.
• For option D: Astronauts in orbit around Earth are still under the influence of Earth's gravity. The gravity provides the centripetal force for their circular motion. So D is false.

Answer:

B. Earth's gravitational field is present in all the space around Earth, whether another object is located there or not.
C. Earth's gravity is approximately the same at the top of a tall mountain compared to ground level.