Question

species interactions: 18. complete the chart with 0, +, -. use slide #25. interaction effect on species a effect on species b commensalism competition herbivory mutualism parasitism predation keystone species: 19. what happens to an ecosystem if the keystone species is removed?

Explanation:

Commensalism: One species benefits (+) while the other is unaffected (0). Competition: Both species are negatively affected (-). Herbivory: The herbivore benefits (+) and the plant is harmed (-). Mutualism: Both species benefit (+). Parasitism: The parasite benefits (+) and the host is harmed (-). Predation: The predator benefits (+) and the prey is harmed (-). Keystone species are crucial for ecosystem stability. Their removal can cause significant disruptions like population crashes, loss of biodiversity, and ecosystem - wide changes.

Answer:

Interaction	Effect on Species A	Effect on Species B
Competition	-	-
Herbivory	+	-
Mutualism	+	+
Parasitism	+	-
Predation	+	-

1. The ecosystem can experience significant disruptions such as population crashes of dependent species, loss of biodiversity, and changes in ecosystem structure and function.