Question

c. students with bigger feet tend to be better at math
d. roosters crowing cause the sun to come up

1. which situation shows correlation but not causation?

a. pressing the gas pedal makes the car go faster
b. cities with more churches also have more crime
c. adding fertilizer helps plants grow taller
d. studying more leads to better test scores

1. what is the difference between extrapolation and interpolation?

Explanation:

Question 17

• Option a: Pressing gas pedal (cause) makes car faster (effect) – causation.
• Option b: More churches and more crime are correlated, but churches don’t cause crime (likely due to population or other factors) – correlation not causation.
• Option c: Fertilizer (cause) helps plants grow (effect) – causation.
• Option d: Studying more (cause) leads to better scores (effect) – causation.

• Interpolation: Estimating a value within the range of known data points (e.g., finding a value between \( x = 2 \) and \( x = 5 \) when data is known for these \( x \)-values).
• Extrapolation: Estimating a value outside the range of known data points (e.g., finding a value for \( x = 10 \) when data is only known up to \( x = 5 \)).

Answer:

b. Cities with more churches also have more crime

Question 18