Question

support questions 21, 22, 23, 25, and 26 are multiple choice. 21. what is a segment of dna made up of? a) a lipid b) a gene c) a ribosome 22. what do genes code for? a) carbohydrates b) lipids c) proteins 23. what can dna do that no other molecule in the body can do? a) replicate b) move c) break down 24. fill in the blanks: a) while dna can be found in the nucleus, rna can be found in the nucleus and in the ____________. b) while dna is made of two polynucleotide chains, rna is made of __________. c) while dna is made of deoxyribose sugar, rna is made of __________ sugar. d) while dna contains a, c, g, and t for the nitrogenous bases, rna contains a, c, g, and ____________. 25. which type of rna makes up part of the structure of ribosomes? a) mrna b) trna c) rrna d) crna

Explanation:

1. A gene is a segment of DNA that codes for a specific trait or function.
2. Genes contain the instructions for building proteins through the processes of transcription and translation.
3. DNA has the unique ability to replicate itself, passing on genetic information to daughter cells.

24.
a. RNA can be found in the nucleus and cytoplasm. RNA is involved in various cellular processes outside the nucleus like protein - synthesis in the cytoplasm.
b. RNA is made of a single polynucleotide chain, unlike the double - stranded DNA.
c. RNA is made of ribose sugar, which has an extra hydroxyl group compared to deoxyribose in DNA.
d. RNA contains uracil (U) instead of thymine (T) as one of its nitrogenous bases.

1. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is a component of ribosomes, which are the sites of protein synthesis.

Answer:

1. b) A gene
2. c) Proteins
3. a) Replicate

24.
a) cytoplasm
b) a single polynucleotide chain
c) ribose
d) U (uracil)

1. c) rRNA