Question

• thermal energy transfers from the object at a

__________ temperature to the object at a
__________ temperature.

• conductors are materials that __________ heat

__________. metals are typically good conductors.

• insulators are __________ conductors of heat. examples

include wood, paper, and styrofoam.

• convection is the __________ of thermal energy by the

movement of ________ or ________.

• radiation is the transfer of thermal energy by __________

waves.

• the energy travels through empty space.

✔ checkpoint # 1
conduction, convection, or radiation?

1. getting a sunburn. __________
2. steam __________
3. melting butter in a pan. __________

➔ bringing it back
think back to the chocolate bunny video. which methods of heat transfer were
used to melt the chocolate bunny each time? what evidence supports this?
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
🖋 summarize!

Explanation:

Filling the Blanks (Conceptual)

1. Thermal energy transfer direction

Thermal energy moves from a higher temperature object to a lower temperature object (heat flows down the temperature gradient).

2. Conductors’ role

Conductors are materials that allow heat to transfer easily (e.g., metals like copper transfer heat quickly).

3. Insulators’ nature

Insulators are poor conductors of heat (they resist heat transfer, like wood or Styrofoam).

4. Convection definition

Convection is the transfer of thermal energy by the movement of fluids (liquids or gases) or gases (e.g., hot air rising, water currents).

5. Radiation’s medium

Radiation is the transfer of thermal energy by electromagnetic waves (e.g., sunlight, infrared radiation).

Checkpoint #1 (Identifying Heat Transfer Type)

1. Getting a sunburn: Radiation (sun’s energy travels as electromagnetic waves through space).
2. Steam: Convection (steam is a gas; heat transfers via its movement).
3. Melting butter in a pan: Conduction (heat from the pan directly transfers to the butter).

Bringing it Back (Chocolate Bunny Video)

If the video showed, e.g.,:

• Conduction: Touching a hot surface (direct contact melts the bunny).
• Convection: Hot air or water flowing over the bunny (movement of fluid transfers heat).
• Radiation: A heat lamp shining (energy via electromagnetic waves melts it).

Evidence:

• Conduction: Bunny melts where it touches a hot object (direct contact).
• Convection: Bunny melts as hot air/gas flows over it (visible movement of heat-carrying fluid).
• Radiation: Bunny melts without direct contact (e.g., under a lamp, energy travels through air).

Summarize (Key Points)

• Heat transfers via conduction (direct contact), convection (fluid movement), or radiation (electromagnetic waves).
• Conductors transfer heat easily; insulators resist it.
• Thermal energy flows from high to low temperature.

Answer:

Filling the Blanks (Conceptual)

1. Thermal energy transfer direction

Thermal energy moves from a higher temperature object to a lower temperature object (heat flows down the temperature gradient).

2. Conductors’ role

Conductors are materials that allow heat to transfer easily (e.g., metals like copper transfer heat quickly).

3. Insulators’ nature

Insulators are poor conductors of heat (they resist heat transfer, like wood or Styrofoam).

4. Convection definition

Convection is the transfer of thermal energy by the movement of fluids (liquids or gases) or gases (e.g., hot air rising, water currents).

5. Radiation’s medium

Radiation is the transfer of thermal energy by electromagnetic waves (e.g., sunlight, infrared radiation).

Checkpoint #1 (Identifying Heat Transfer Type)

1. Getting a sunburn: Radiation (sun’s energy travels as electromagnetic waves through space).
2. Steam: Convection (steam is a gas; heat transfers via its movement).
3. Melting butter in a pan: Conduction (heat from the pan directly transfers to the butter).

Bringing it Back (Chocolate Bunny Video)

If the video showed, e.g.,:

• Conduction: Touching a hot surface (direct contact melts the bunny).
• Convection: Hot air or water flowing over the bunny (movement of fluid transfers heat).
• Radiation: A heat lamp shining (energy via electromagnetic waves melts it).

Evidence:

• Conduction: Bunny melts where it touches a hot object (direct contact).
• Convection: Bunny melts as hot air/gas flows over it (visible movement of heat-carrying fluid).
• Radiation: Bunny melts without direct contact (e.g., under a lamp, energy travels through air).

Summarize (Key Points)

• Heat transfers via conduction (direct contact), convection (fluid movement), or radiation (electromagnetic waves).
• Conductors transfer heat easily; insulators resist it.
• Thermal energy flows from high to low temperature.