Question

a university dean wants to assess the general satisfaction of students with campus facilities. she surveys the first twenty students she encounters in the cafeteria and asks them to rate the facilities on a scale of 1 (poor) to 10 (excellent). the average score is 4.5, and the dean concludes that the facilities need improvement. is based on a biased sample. is accurate, as the students were selected randomly. is unfair, as the dean is responsible for the facilities. is invalid, as the students were chosen by convenience.

Explanation:

The dean surveyed the first twenty students encountered in the cafeteria, which is a convenience - sampling method. Convenience sampling often leads to a biased sample as it does not represent the entire student population. For example, students in the cafeteria may have different opinions compared to those in other parts of the campus.

Answer:

A. is based on a biased sample.