unwinding for longer periods of time without taking breaks.
use of certain medications, like sedatives, antidepressants and some antihistamines.
consumption of alcohol or certain drugs, which interact with and can add to drowsiness.
if you recognize that you are drowsy, get off the road. drivers who choose to stay on the road instead of pulling off to rest need a wake - up call! go to a well - lit parking lot or rest area and sleep for at least 15 - 20 mins. its amazing how a few minutes of rest can help when youre fatigued. before you get behind the wheel again, get some exercise. jump up and down, do jumping jacks, or jog the block and back. get your blood circulating and your heart pumping; you will feel and see so much better. drink a coffee or a soda and eat a snack.
other suggestions for staying awake and alert behind the wheel include:
turn on the air conditioning.
roll down the window.
if you have passengers, have one stay awake to talk with you, or better yet, switch off driving.
turn on the radio and sing along.
continuously move your eyes while driving as it will help you keep more alert.
keep in mind, however, that while drinking caffeine, rolling down the window or singing along to the radio can increase alertness for a short period, these are not effective to maintain alertness to drive safely over a long period of time. the only recipe for success in these instances is sleep!
before taking a long road trip make sure to do the following:
check your prescription and over - the - counter medication labels to see if drowsiness can result from use. if youre taking medication that causes drowsiness, do not drive!
plan rest stops before you leave. you should take one at least every two hours or 100 miles.
when you stop, eat a small snack.
take a short, brisk walk before getting back into your vehicle.
if you drive, avoid driving during peak sleepiness periods (midnight to 6 a.m. and then in the late afternoon), when possible. if you must drive during peak sleepiness periods, stay vigilant for signs of fatigue, such as crossing over roadway lines or hitting a rumble strip, especially when driving alone.
58 usdot, nhtsa raffic safety facts, critical reasons for crashes investigated in national motor vehicle crash causation survey.\ march 2018.
59 c. pecher, c. lemercier and j. cellier, he influence of emotions on driving behavior.\ january 2011.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263124950_the_influence_of_emotions_on_driving_behav
60 v. magana, et. al., he effects of the drivers mental state and passenger compartment conditions on driving performance and driving stress.\
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/pmc7571166/.
61 r.e. hawley,
oad rage statistics and facts in 2024.\ may 17, 2024.
https://www.bankrate.com/insurance/car/road - rage - statistics/.
62 usdot, nhtsa \aggressive driving enforcement: evaluations of two demonstration programs.\ march 2004. https://www.nhtsa.gov/sites/nhtsa.gov/files/809707.pdf.
63 id.
64 j. mascia and c. brownlee, the trace \a decade of american gun violence: road rage shootings have surged over the past decade.\ april 25, 2024.
https://www.thetrace.org/2024/04/road - rage - shooting - gun - highway - deaths/.
65 r.e. hawley,
oad rage statistics and facts in 2024.\ may 17, 2024.
https://www.bankrate.com/insurance/car/road - rage - statistics/.
66 usdot, nhtsa raffic safety facts, 2023 data - speeding.\ june 2025.
67 usdot, nhtsa \countermeasures that work: young drivers\ 2025.
https://www.nhtsa.gov/book/countermeasures - that - work/young - drivers.
68 cdc, the national institute for occupational safety and health (
iosh\), niosh training for nurses on shift work and long work hours.\ march 31, 2020.
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/work - hour - training - for - nurses/longhours/mod3/08.html.
chapter 4 quiz
1. what is the term for angry and violent behaviors at the extreme end of the aggressive driving spectrum?
a. stressed out driving
b. road rage
c. emotional driving
2. what should you do if another driver is driving aggressively near you?
a. get their attention and direct them to stop
b. increase your distance from them
c. make eye contact to show you are not intimidated

Question

unwinding for longer periods of time without taking breaks.
use of certain medications, like sedatives, antidepressants and some antihistamines.
consumption of alcohol or certain drugs, which interact with and can add to drowsiness.
if you recognize that you are drowsy, get off the road. drivers who choose to stay on the road instead of pulling off to rest need a wake - up call! go to a well - lit parking lot or rest area and sleep for at least 15 - 20 mins. its amazing how a few minutes of rest can help when youre fatigued. before you get behind the wheel again, get some exercise. jump up and down, do jumping jacks, or jog the block and back. get your blood circulating and your heart pumping; you will feel and see so much better. drink a coffee or a soda and eat a snack.
other suggestions for staying awake and alert behind the wheel include:
turn on the air conditioning.
roll down the window.
if you have passengers, have one stay awake to talk with you, or better yet, switch off driving.
turn on the radio and sing along.
continuously move your eyes while driving as it will help you keep more alert.
keep in mind, however, that while drinking caffeine, rolling down the window or singing along to the radio can increase alertness for a short period, these are not effective to maintain alertness to drive safely over a long period of time. the only recipe for success in these instances is sleep!
before taking a long road trip make sure to do the following:
check your prescription and over - the - counter medication labels to see if drowsiness can result from use. if youre taking medication that causes drowsiness, do not drive!
plan rest stops before you leave. you should take one at least every two hours or 100 miles.
when you stop, eat a small snack.
take a short, brisk walk before getting back into your vehicle.
if you drive, avoid driving during peak sleepiness periods (midnight to 6 a.m. and then in the late afternoon), when possible. if you must drive during peak sleepiness periods, stay vigilant for signs of fatigue, such as crossing over roadway lines or hitting a rumble strip, especially when driving alone.
58 usdot, nhtsa 	raffic safety facts, critical reasons for crashes investigated in national motor vehicle crash causation survey.\ march 2018.
59 c. pecher, c. lemercier and j. cellier, 	he influence of emotions on driving behavior.\ january 2011.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263124950_the_influence_of_emotions_on_driving_behav
60 v. magana, et. al., 	he effects of the drivers mental state and passenger compartment conditions on driving performance and driving stress.\
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/pmc7571166/.
61 r.e. hawley,
oad rage statistics and facts in 2024.\ may 17, 2024.
https://www.bankrate.com/insurance/car/road - rage - statistics/.
62 usdot, nhtsa \aggressive driving enforcement: evaluations of two demonstration programs.\ march 2004. https://www.nhtsa.gov/sites/nhtsa.gov/files/809707.pdf.
63 id.
64 j. mascia and c. brownlee, the trace \a decade of american gun violence: road rage shootings have surged over the past decade.\ april 25, 2024.
https://www.thetrace.org/2024/04/road - rage - shooting - gun - highway - deaths/.
65 r.e. hawley,
oad rage statistics and facts in 2024.\ may 17, 2024.
https://www.bankrate.com/insurance/car/road - rage - statistics/.
66 usdot, nhtsa 	raffic safety facts, 2023 data - speeding.\ june 2025.
67 usdot, nhtsa \countermeasures that work: young drivers\ 2025.
https://www.nhtsa.gov/book/countermeasures - that - work/young - drivers.
68 cdc, the national institute for occupational safety and health (
iosh\), niosh training for nurses on shift work and long work hours.\ march 31, 2020.
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/work - hour - training - for - nurses/longhours/mod3/08.html.
chapter 4 quiz
1. what is the term for angry and violent behaviors at the extreme end of the aggressive driving spectrum?
a. stressed out driving
b. road rage
c. emotional driving
2. what should you do if another driver is driving aggressively near you?
a. get their attention and direct them to stop
b. increase your distance from them
c. make eye contact to show you are not intimidated

Accepted Answer

# Brief Explanations:
1. El término para los comportamientos agresivos y violentos en el extremo del espectro del manejo agresivo es "Road rage".
2. Si otro conductor conduce agresivamente cerca de ti, lo mejor es aumentar la distancia para evitar conflictos.

# Answer:
1. B. Road rage
2. B. Increase your distance from them

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