Question

us history eoc review worksheet: chapters 4-7
read the description or definition in each question and fill in the missing term from the word bank provided for each
4: the triumph of industry
: innovation & inventors
word bank: bessemer process | thomas edison | alexander graham bell | samuel morse | wright brothers | madam c.j. walker |
elijah mccoy | sarah goode | garrett morgan | lewis howard latimer | jan ernst matzeliger | george westinghouse | transatlantic
cable

1. the ____________________ made the production of steel faster and cheaper, allowing for skyscrapers and railroads.
2. ____________________ invented the telephone, revolutionizing communication.
3. the \wizard of menlo park,\ ____________________, is best known for the lightbulb and the phonograph.
4. african american inventor ____________________ developed a method for making carbon filaments for the lightbulb.
5. ____________________ invented the telegraph and the code used to transmit messages over wires.
6. the first self - made female millionaire in the us, ____________________, created a line of hair care products for african

american women.

1. ____________________ invented a machine that attached the upper part of a shoe to the sole, revolutionizing the shoe

industry.

1. the phrase \the real mccoy\ refers to the high - quality automatic engine lubricators invented by ____________________.
2. ____________________ was the first african american woman to receive a us patent (for a folding cabinet bed).
3. the ____________________ allowed for instant telegraph communication between the us and europe.
4. ____________________ invented the traffic signal and the gas mask.
5. the ____________________ achieved the first successful airplane flight in 1903.
6. ____________________ developed air brakes for trains and advocated for alternating current (ac) electricity.

part b: big business
word bank: corporation | monopoly | trust | sherman antitrust act | social darwinism | laissez - faire | andrew carnegie | john d.
rockefeller | j.p. morgan | henry flagler | entrepreneur

1. an ____________________ is a person who starts a business, taking on financial risk in the hope of profit.
2. a ____________________ is a business owned by stockholders who share in its profits but are not personally responsible for

its debts.

1. ____________________ dominated the oil industry with his company, standard oil.
2. ____________________ dominated the steel industry and believed in the \gospel of wealth\ (giving money back to

society).

1. banker ____________________ was a powerful financier who bought carnegie steel and formed us steel.
2. ____________________ was a key developer of florida, building the florida east coast railway and hotels to boost

tourism.

1. when a single company controls an entire industry and eliminates competition, it is called a ____________________.
2. the ____________________ was the first federal law designed to break up monopolies and illegal trusts.
3. the belief that the strongest businesses would survive and the weak would fail (without government interference) is called

____________________.

1. a ____________________ is a group of separate companies that are placed under the control of a single managing board.

chapter 5: the labor movement
word bank: knights of labor | american federation of labor (afl) | samuel gompers | haymarket riot | homestead strike |
pullman strike | strike | lockout | socialism | anarchism

1. a ____________________ occurs when workers refuse to work to force an employer to meet their demands.
2. a ____________________ occurs when owners close the factory to break a labor union.
3. the ____________________ was an early union that accepted all workers (skilled and unskilled, women and minorities).
4. the __________________ was a union of skilled workers led by __________________.
5. the ____________________ in chicago turned violent when a bomb was thrown, leading the public to associate unions with

radicalism.

1. the ____________________ was a violent strike at carnegie’s steel mill where private guards (pinkertons) fought workers.
2. the ____________________ halted railroad traffic nationwide; the government eventually sent in troops to break it.
3. ____________________ is an economic system where the government or workers own the means of production

(factories/land).

Explanation:

Question 1 (Part A: Innovation & Inventors, Question 1)

The Bessemer Process was a method that made steel production faster and cheaper, enabling the construction of skyscrapers and railroads.

Alexander Graham Bell is known for inventing the telephone, which revolutionized communication.

Thomas Edison, nicknamed the "Wizard of Menlo Park," is famous for inventing the lightbulb and phonograph.

Answer:

1. Bessemer Process

Question 2 (Part A: Innovation & Inventors, Question 2)