Question

use your notes to answer the following questions.

1. what is energy?
2. (t/f) organisms need a constant supply of energy to survive.
3. what is the structural difference between atp and adp? compare/contrast structure of atp & adp.
4. which structure, atp or adp, contains more stored energy? where is the energy stored?
5. which type of macromolecule (protein, carb, nucleic acid, or lipid) is atp & adp?

Explanation:

1. Defined as the capacity to do work or cause change, usable by biological systems.
2. All living organisms require ongoing energy for cellular processes like metabolism, growth, and reproduction.
3. ATP (adenosine triphosphate) has 3 phosphate groups; ADP (adenosine diphosphate) has 2. Both share an adenine base and ribose sugar.
4. ATP has an additional high-energy phosphate bond that stores more potential energy.
5. ATP and ADP are derived from nucleotide building blocks, which are the monomers of nucleic acids.

Answer:

1. Energy is the capacity to do work or cause change, specifically the ability to power cellular and biological processes in organisms.
2. True (T)
3. ATP has three phosphate groups attached to its ribose sugar, while ADP has only two. Both molecules have an adenine base and a ribose sugar backbone.
4. ATP contains more stored energy. The energy is stored in the high-energy covalent bond between its second and third phosphate groups.
5. ATP and ADP are nucleic acids (specifically, modified nucleotides).