Question

vii. deforestation & climate change

• deforestation is:
• slash and crop farming is:

viii. practice questions
1.
enacting laws that require the reforestation of cleared lands is one way the central american countries can promote -
a. deforestation
b. pastoralism
c. sustainable agriculture
d. shifting cultivation
2.
what effect does central america’s location on top of moving tectonic plates have on the region?
a. a warm tropical climate
b. many earthquakes and volcanoes
c. high ocean waves
d. erosion
how does the elevation of mexico city affect its climate?
a. it makes temperatures cooler in summer
b. it causes heavy rains in spring
c. it causes extremely cold winters
d. it prevents nighttime temperatures from dropping

Explanation:

Question 1

To solve this, we analyze each option:

• Option A: Deforestation is the clearing of forests, so reforesting cleared lands would oppose deforestation, not promote it. Eliminate A.
• Option B: Pastoralism is related to livestock farming, and reforesting cleared lands has no direct relation to promoting pastoralism. Eliminate B.
• Option C: Sustainable agriculture aims for long - term viable farming practices. Reforesting cleared lands can help in soil conservation, maintaining ecological balance which is beneficial for sustainable agriculture. This option makes sense.
• Option D: Shifting cultivation involves moving from one plot to another after clearing, and reforesting cleared lands would restrict shifting cultivation rather than promote it. Eliminate D.

We analyze each option based on the knowledge of tectonic plates:

• Option A: A warm tropical climate is mainly due to latitude (being near the equator), not tectonic plate movement. Eliminate A.
• Option B: Tectonic plate boundaries are areas where earthquakes and volcanic activities are common. Central America is on tectonic plate boundaries, so this region experiences many earthquakes and volcanoes. This option is correct.
• Option C: High ocean waves are caused by factors like wind, storms, etc., not tectonic plate movement. Eliminate C.
• Option D: Erosion is caused by factors like water, wind, human activities, etc., and not directly by tectonic plate movement. Eliminate D.

We analyze each option based on the relationship between elevation and climate:

• Option A: As elevation increases, temperature generally decreases. Mexico City has a high elevation, so in summer, the higher elevation makes the temperatures cooler compared to lower - lying areas in the same region. This is correct.
• Option B: Heavy rains in spring are more related to weather systems (like monsoons, frontal systems) rather than elevation. Eliminate B.
• Option C: Mexico City is in a tropical - subtropical region, and its high elevation does not cause extremely cold winters. The climate is generally milder due to elevation, but not extremely cold. Eliminate C.
• Option D: Higher elevation areas tend to have more temperature variation between day and night, and elevation does not prevent nighttime temperatures from dropping. In fact, at higher elevations, nighttime cooling can be more significant. Eliminate D.

Answer:

C. Sustainable agriculture

Question 2