Question

1. what is the definition of evolution? a the process by which organisms better adapted to their environment survive b the termination of a species c the change of function and structure of an organism due to environmental changes d the process where humans breed animals and plants to develop certain traits 2. which of the following describes \survival of the fittest\? a the termination of a group or species b the ability of organisms to reproduce more offspring c the continued existence of organisms that are best adapted to their environment d the selection of traits by humans to develop new species 3. who is considered the \father of evolution\? a jean baptiste de lamarck b charles darwin c gregor mendel d alfred wallace 4. what did jean baptiste de lamarck propose in his theory of evolution? a use or disuse of organs leads to changes that are passed to offspring b species remain the same over time c species are created independently of one another d survival is based on random chance 5. what was the key observation made by darwin during his voyage to the galapagos islands? a all continents have the same animals and plants b tortoises and birds had different physical traits depending on their environment c evolution is driven by genetic mutations d there was no variation among species in the galapagos 6. natural selection is best described as: a humans selecting traits in organisms for breeding b organisms with traits better suited to their environment surviving and reproducing c the process by which organisms evolve over time randomly d extinction of unfit species 7. what is biogeography the study of? a the physical traits of organisms b the biochemical changes in organisms c the geographic distribution of organisms d the mating patterns of different species 8. what is an example of a structural adaptation? a hibernation during winter b spraying venom for defense c the color or shape of an insects eye d playing dead to fool predators 9. which of the following is an example of convergent evolution? a pentadactyl limb of vertebrates b wings in birds, bats, and insects c differing beak shapes in darwins finches d different neck lengths of galapagos tortoises 10. what was the main idea of darwins book \on the origin of species\? a evolution occurs through artificial selection b evolution occurs through the process of natural selection c evolution is a random process d species do not change over time

Explanation:

1. Evolution is the process by which organisms better adapted to their environment survive.
2. "Survival of the fittest" refers to the continued existence of organisms best - adapted to their environment.
3. Charles Darwin is considered the "father of evolution".
4. Lamarck proposed that use or disuse of organs leads to changes passed to offspring.
5. Darwin's key observation in Galapagos was that tortoises and birds had different physical traits depending on their environment.
6. Natural selection is organisms with traits better suited to their environment surviving and reproducing.
7. Biogeography is the study of the geographic distribution of organisms.
8. The color or shape of an insect's eye is a structural adaptation.
9. Wings in birds, bats, and insects is an example of convergent evolution.
10. The main idea of "On the Origin of Species" is that evolution occurs through natural selection.

Answer:

1. A. The process by which organisms better adapted to their environment survive
2. C. The continued existence of organisms that are best adapted to their environment
3. B. Charles Darwin
4. A. Use or disuse of organs leads to changes that are passed to offspring
5. B. Tortoises and birds had different physical traits depending on their environment
6. B. Organisms with traits better suited to their environment surviving and reproducing
7. C. The geographic distribution of organisms
8. C. The color or shape of an insect's eye
9. B. Wings in birds, bats, and insects
10. B. Evolution occurs through the process of natural selection