Question

1. what goods from the greek mainland were traded? what goods did the greeks get in exchange?
2. identify two or more challenges merchant ships faced.

Explanation:

Question 2

The Greek mainland traded goods like olive oil, wine, pottery, and metalwork. In exchange, the Greeks obtained goods such as grain (from places like Egypt), timber, precious metals, and slaves. Olive oil and wine were produced in Greece, while they lacked sufficient grain and timber, so trade helped meet those needs.

1. Weather and Sea Conditions: The Mediterranean Sea has unpredictable storms, strong winds (like the Mistral), and rough seas, which could damage ships or make navigation dangerous.
2. Piracy: Pirate attacks were common in ancient Mediterranean waters. Pirates would target merchant ships to steal cargo, harm crew, or seize ships, reducing profits and endangering trade.
3. Navigational Challenges: Without modern navigation tools, sailors relied on stars, landmarks, and experience. Mistakes in navigation could lead to shipwrecks or getting lost, delaying or ending trade voyages. (Note: You can choose two, e.g., weather/sea conditions and piracy, or weather and navigational challenges.)

Answer:

• Traded from Greek mainland: Olive oil, wine, pottery, metalwork.
• Received in exchange: Grain, timber, precious metals, slaves.

Question 3