Question

1. what is the purpose of chloramination in drinking water?
2. what is ozonation of drinking water?

Explanation:

1. Chloramination uses chloramine compounds to deliver sustained disinfection, addressing the shorter residual issue of free chlorine while still neutralizing waterborne pathogens.
2. Ozone is a strong oxidizing agent; it acts quickly to purify water without leaving long-lasting chemical residuals, though it is often paired with a secondary disinfectant for distribution system protection.

Answer:

1. The primary purposes of chloramination in drinking water are to kill or inactivate harmful pathogens (like bacteria, viruses, and protozoa) to prevent waterborne diseases, and to provide a long-lasting residual disinfectant effect as water travels through distribution systems to maintain water safety until it reaches consumers.
2. Ozonation of drinking water is a water treatment process that uses ozone ($O_3$), a highly reactive form of oxygen, to disinfect water, destroy harmful microorganisms (including bacteria, viruses, and some parasites), break down organic contaminants, taste- and odor-causing compounds, and certain pollutants.