Question

1. what did the southern states claim as justification for secession?

a. the gold rush
b. states’ rights to govern themselves
c. expansion of the railroad system
d. lincoln’s opposition to the war

1. where were the first shots of the civil war fired?

a. antietam
b. gettysburg
c. richmond
d. fort sumter

1. why did southerners view “uncle tom’s cabin” negatively after its publication?

they felt it supported their arguments about states’ rights
they believed it misrepresented their society and way of life
they saw it as helpful to understanding regional differences
they thought it accurately portrayed plantation economic systems

1. what was the significance of the battle of gettysburg?

a. it allowed for the emancipation proclamation
b. it marked the beginning of the war
c. it was a turning point that led to union victory
d. it was a major confederate victory

1. what was a result of the union’s victory at the siege of vicksburg?

a. the confederate forces gained strength
b. the war ended immediately
c. the confederacy was split in two
d. it led to the emancipation proclamation

1. what role did the issue of slavery play in lincoln’s election?

a. lincoln wanted to protect the institution of slavery
b. lincoln wanted to free all slaves immediately
c. lincoln ignored the issue entirely
d. lincoln opposed the spread of slavery into new territories

1. why did some northerners praise john brown after his execution while others condemned him?

most northerners believed violent rebellion was the solution
all northerners agreed his methods were completely justified
some admired his commitment despite disagreeing with his violence
few northerners understood what happened at harpers ferry

Explanation:

1. Southern states cited states' rights to self-governance as their core justification for seceding, framing federal control as overreach.
2. The first shots of the U.S. Civil War were fired at Fort Sumter, South Carolina, in 1861, marking the war's start.
3. Uncle Tom's Cabin depicted the horrors of slavery; Southerners viewed it as a false, unfair portrayal of their society and way of life.
4. The Battle of Gettysburg was a pivotal Union victory that halted Confederate momentum in the North, becoming a turning point toward overall Union success.
5. The Union's capture of Vicksburg split the Confederacy geographically, cutting off its western territories from the east.
6. Lincoln's 1860 campaign focused on opposing the expansion of slavery into new U.S. territories, not immediate nationwide abolition.
7. John Brown's violent raid aimed to end slavery; some Northerners admired his commitment to abolition even if they rejected his use of violence, while others condemned his actions entirely.

Answer:

1. b. States' rights to govern themselves
2. d. Fort Sumter
3. They believed it misrepresented their society and way of life
4. c. It was a turning point that led to Union victory
5. c. The Confederacy was split in two
6. d. Lincoln opposed the spread of slavery into new territories
7. Some admired his commitment despite disagreeing with his violence