Question

when european nations established colonies in africa in the late 1800s, they controlled colonies government but gave colonies economic control. allowed colonies to run their government but held economic control. exercised complete economic and political control over the colonies. negotiated with colonies to determine economic and political control.

Explanation:

Late 1800s European colonialism in Africa was characterized by direct rule, where colonizing powers took full control of both the political governance (appointing officials, creating administrative systems) and economic resources (extracting raw materials, controlling trade and local economies) of the African colonies. The other options are incorrect because colonial powers did not cede government or economic control, nor negotiate control with the colonies.

Answer:

exercised complete economic and political control over the colonies.