Question

1. which of the following is an example of quantitative data? a. the smell of the flowers b. the height of the plant in centimeters c. the texture of the soil d. the color of the leaves 7. why are scientific theories considered comprehensive explanations? a. they describe simple observations b. they are universally accepted without testing c. they do not require evidence d. they are based on a body of evidence and extensive research 8. what is the primary purpose of a hypothesis in scientific research? a. to make a testable prediction about a phenomenon b. to describe a pattern in nature c. to serve as a final conclusion d. to summarize previous research 9. what does the theory of germ theory state? a. energy cannot be created or destroyed b. microorganisms cause many diseases c. species evolve over time d. all cells come from pre - existing cells 10. which is a key aspect of inferences in scientific investigations? a. they are only used in qualitative research b. they are more reliable than observations

Explanation:

• For question 6: Quantitative data is numerical. The height of a plant in centimeters is numerical, while smell, texture, and color are qualitative.
• For question 7: Scientific theories are comprehensive as they are built on a large - body of evidence and extensive research, not just simple observations, not universally accepted without testing, and require evidence.
• For question 8: The main purpose of a hypothesis in scientific research is to make a testable prediction about a phenomenon, not to describe a pattern (that's more for laws), not to be a final conclusion, and not to summarize previous research.
• For question 9: The germ theory states that microorganisms cause many diseases. Energy conservation is related to the first law of thermodynamics, species evolving over time is related to evolution theory, and all cells coming from pre - existing cells is part of cell theory.
• For question 10: Inferences in scientific investigations are based on observations and reasoning. They are not only used in qualitative research and are not more reliable than observations.

Answer:

1. B. The height of the plant in centimeters
2. D. They are based on a body of evidence and extensive research
3. A. To make a testable prediction about a phenomenon
4. B. Microorganisms cause many diseases
5. None of the above options are correct (but if we assume the best - fitting wrong - answer context, inferences are not only used in qualitative research, so A is incorrect; they are not more reliable than observations, so B is incorrect)