Question

1. which of the following are significantly affected by outliers? i. range ii. mean and standard deviation iii. median and iqr (a) i only (b) i and ii only (c) i and iii only (d) ii and iii only (e) i, ii, and iii

Explanation:

• Range is the difference between the maximum and minimum values. An outlier can greatly change these values, thus affecting the range.
• Mean is the sum of all values divided by the number of values. An outlier can pull the sum and thus the mean in its direction. Standard - deviation measures the spread around the mean, so it is also affected by outliers.
• Median is the middle - value when data is ordered, and IQR (Inter - Quartile Range) is the difference between the third and first quartiles. These are based on the position of values in the ordered data set, so they are not significantly affected by outliers.

Answer:

B. I and II only