Question

1. which of the following statements shows a relationship that is correlated but not causal? 1. the number of tardies to class and the number of detentions received. 2. the season of the year and the number of water related injuries/deaths. 3. as the temperature rises, more mercury in the thermometer will expand and rise. 4. the larger the dimensions of a rectangular patio, the more square footage there will be.

Explanation:

• Option 1: More tardies can cause more detentions (causal).
• Option 2: Season (e.g., summer has more water activities) correlates with water - related injuries/deaths, but season itself doesn't cause the injuries (e.g., summer's weather leads to more swimming, which leads to injuries; season is associated but not the direct cause).
• Option 3: Temperature rise causes mercury expansion (causal, based on thermal expansion principle).
• Option 4: Larger dimensions (length×width) cause more square footage (causal, as area = length×width).

So the statement with a correlated but non - causal relationship is option 2.

Answer:

1. The season of the year and the number of water related injuries/deaths.