Question

which term defines the process that leads to the formation of reproductively isolated species from a single ancestral population? a. environmental adaptation b. genetic isolation c. reproductive divergence d. speciation which mechanism of speciation involves the separation of populations due to geographical barriers? a. allopatric speciation b. parapatric speciation c. peripatric speciation d. sympatric speciation what happens during peripatric speciation? a. a small subgroup becomes isolated and diverges from a larger population b. two populations develop distinct mating preferences c. two populations inhabit different habitats with limited interbreeding d. populations adapt to the same environment, leading to different traits

Explanation:

1. Speciation is the process by which new reproductively - isolated species form from a single ancestral population. Environmental adaptation is about an organism's ability to adjust to its environment, genetic isolation is about lack of gene - flow, and reproductive divergence is part of the speciation process but not the overall term for the process.
2. Allopatric speciation occurs when populations are separated by geographical barriers. Parapatric speciation occurs when populations are adjacent but have limited gene - flow, peripatric speciation is a type of allopatric speciation with a small peripheral population, and sympatric speciation occurs without geographical separation.
3. During peripatric speciation, a small subgroup becomes isolated from a larger population and diverges due to genetic drift and natural selection. The other options describe different aspects of speciation or mating behavior.

Answer:

1. d. Speciation
2. a. Allopatric speciation
3. a. A small subgroup becomes isolated and diverges from a larger population