Question

7.11) which paragraph gives a substantiated claim for the argument, the defense or the challenge? why?

7.12) ____ what makes a formal substantiated claim or argument?
a. rational thinking
b. good opinions
c. good writing
d. valid sources with proper citations

match the terms with the definitions.
7.13) ____ infringe
7.14) ____ claim
7.15) ____ grievance
7.16) ____ ratify
7.17) ____ redress
7.18) ____ execute

a. to approve by a formal group vote
b. a wrong done
c. to make right or give back
d. a statement of position
e. to carry out a plan
f. to violate a law or limit (take away)

thinking of gravity
isaac newton was not the first person struck on the head by an apple. nor was he the first to try to discern why objects fall toward the earth.
but after many hours of disciplined thought and hard work, he became the first to understand the law of gravity
develop discernment by increasing your capacity to think.

• the brain is like a muscle. exercise it by studying a topic without letting your mind wander.
• imagination builds creativity. foster your imagination by reading great books and writing down your ideas.
• memorize history passages, quotes, poems, or songs.
• listen to audio books or educational material during free time

Explanation:

For 7.12:

A formal substantiated claim requires evidence from valid, cited sources to back its position, as opinions, writing skill, or just rational thinking alone do not provide verifiable support.

For 7.13-7.18:

• "Infringe" means to violate a law or limit.
• "Claim" refers to a statement of position.
• "Grievance" is a wrong done.
• "Ratify" means to approve by a formal group vote.
• "Redress" means to make right or give back.
• "Execute" means to carry out a plan.

Note: 7.11 cannot be answered as the Defense and Challenge paragraphs are not provided in the image.

Answer:

7.11: Cannot be answered (no supporting paragraphs provided)
7.12: D. valid sources with proper citations
7.13: F. to violate a law or limit (take away)
7.14: D. a statement of position
7.15: B. a wrong done
7.16: A. to approve by a formal group vote
7.17: C. to make right or give back
7.18: E. to carry out a plan