Question

in 1543, polish astronomer shared his theory that the planets of our solar system orbit around the sun. protestant martin luther nicolaus copernicus

Explanation:

The question asks for the Polish astronomer who proposed the heliocentric model (planets orbit the sun) in 1543. Nicolaus Copernicus is the figure associated with this scientific theory, while Martin Luther led the Protestant Reformation and "Protestant" refers to a religious group, not the astronomer in question.

Answer:

Nicolaus Copernicus