Question

1. the diagnostic term \herniated disc\ in reference to an intervertebral cartilage means that the cartilage is/has:

calcified
ruptured or protruded
broken bone
begun abnormal growth on the surface of a bone

1. the diagnostic term that means abnormal loss of bone density is:

osteopetrosis
osteomyosis
osteoporosis
osteolithosis

Explanation:

Question 23

A herniated disc (intervertebral disc herniation) occurs when the inner part of the disc protrudes or ruptures through the outer layer. "Calcified" refers to hardening due to calcium, not disc herniation. "Broken bone" is a fracture, not related to disc. "Abnormal growth on bone surface" is unrelated to disc herniation. So the correct option is the one about ruptured or protruded.

Osteoporosis is defined as abnormal loss of bone density, leading to brittle bones. Osteopetrosis is excessive bone density. Osteomyosis (likely a misspelling, maybe osteomyelitis) is bone infection. Osteolithosis involves bone stones. So the correct term for bone density loss is osteoporosis.

Answer:

B. ruptured or protruded (assuming the options are labeled A, B, C, D with A: calcified, B: ruptured or protruded, C: broken bone, D: begun abnormal growth on the surface of a bone)

Question 24