Question

the conservation of charge
the net charge on an object can change. a neutral object can become positively or negatively charged. the amount of net charge on an object can increase or decrease, and charged objects can even become neutral. when the amount of net charge on an object changes, electric charges are never created or destroyed. instead, negative charges have been transferred between objects.
forces are needed to separate positive and negative charges because opposite charges are attracted to each other. if possible, opposite charges tend to move toward one another, which leads to many objects having a net neutral charge. outside forces or energy can be used to separate opposite charges. for instance, friction between two materials can increase the rate at which charges separate. when you drag your feet across the carpet, the carpet can transfer negative charges to you. you become negatively charged because you gained negative charges. the carpet becomes positively charged because it lost its negative charges and kept its positive charges.
when a balloon is rubbed against a person’s hair, negative electric charges move from the hair to the balloon. the total number of positive and negative charges does not change when charges move between objects.
both the balloon and the person’s hair are charged. the balloon is negatively charged because it has more negative charges than positive charges. the hair is positively charged because it has more positive charges than negative charges.

1. how is the person in the photos separating the charges in her hair and the balloon?

she is separating charges by using friction, when she rubs the balloon against her hair this causes negative charges to move from her hair to the balloon.

1. what do you notice about the net charges of the balloon and the hair after electric charges moved between them?

Explanation:

For Question 5:

The text explains friction separates charges, and the balloon-hair example uses this method to transfer negative charges.

For Question 6:

Based on the conservation of charge, the total number of positive and negative charges stays the same. The balloon gains negative charges (net negative) while the hair loses them (net positive, equal in magnitude to the balloon's negative charge).

Answer:

1. She is separating the charges by using friction: when she rubs the balloon against her hair, negative charges move from her hair to the balloon.
2. The balloon has a net negative charge (it gained negative charges), the hair has a net positive charge (it lost negative charges), and the total amount of positive and negative charges between the two objects remains unchanged (the magnitude of the balloon's negative charge equals the magnitude of the hair's positive charge).