directions: answer the following questions on the lines provided.
1. what is a force?
2. how can you know when an object has an unbalanced force on it?
3. is it possible for an object at rest to have forces acting upon it? explain.
4. what are the three types of friction and when does each apply?
directions: solve the following problems. show your calculations in the spaces provided.
5. a baseball has a mass of 0.145 kilograms. if the acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 m/s², what is the weight of the baseball in newtons?
6. a suitcase with a mass of 2 kg has a weight of 18 n on a particular planet. what is the acceleration due to gravity on that planet?
7. a grapefruit has a weight on earth of 4.9 newtons. what is the grapefruit’s mass?

Question

Accepted Answer

### Question 1
# Brief Explanations:
A force is a push or pull on an object resulting from its interaction with another object. Forces can cause changes in an object's motion (like starting to move, stopping, or changing direction) or shape.
# Answer:
A force is a push or pull that can change an object's motion or shape, resulting from interactions between objects.

### Question 2
# Brief Explanations:
An object has an unbalanced force when the net force acting on it is not zero. This causes a change in the object's motion (acceleration). Signs include the object speeding up, slowing down, or changing direction.
# Answer:
An object has an unbalanced force if it accelerates (speeds up, slows down, or changes direction), as unbalanced forces cause a net force (non - zero) that changes motion.

### Question 3
# Brief Explanations:
Yes. For example, a book on a table has gravity (pulling down) and the table's normal force (pushing up). These are balanced forces (net force = 0), so the book remains at rest while forces act on it.
# Answer:
Yes. An object at rest can have balanced forces (e.g., gravity and normal force on a book on a table) acting on it, with a net force of zero, so it stays at rest.

### Question 4
# Brief Explanations:
1. Static friction: Acts on objects at rest, opposing the start of motion (e.g., friction between a book and a table when you try to push the book).
2. Sliding (kinetic) friction: Acts on objects sliding over a surface, opposing sliding motion (e.g., a sled sliding on snow).
3. Rolling friction: Acts on objects rolling over a surface, opposing rolling motion (e.g., a wheel rolling on the ground).
# Answer:
- Static friction: Opposes the start of motion (object at rest, e.g., pushing a stationary book).
- Sliding (kinetic) friction: Opposes sliding motion (object sliding, e.g., sled on snow).
- Rolling friction: Opposes rolling motion (object rolling, e.g., wheel on ground).

### Question 5
# Explanation:
## Step 1: Recall the formula for weight
Weight ($W$) is calculated using the formula $W = m	imes g$, where $m$ is mass and $g$ is the acceleration due to gravity.
## Step 2: Substitute the given values
We know that $m = 0.145\space kg$ and $g=9.8\space m/s^{2}$. Substituting these values into the formula: $W=0.145\space kg	imes9.8\space m/s^{2}$.
## Step 3: Calculate the result
$0.145	imes9.8 = 1.421\space N$.
# Answer:
The weight of the baseball is $1.421\space N$.

### Question 6
# Explanation:
## Step 1: Recall the weight formula
The formula for weight is $W = m	imes g$, and we can re - arrange it to solve for $g$: $g=\frac{W}{m}$.
## Step 2: Substitute the given values
We know that $W = 18\space N$ and $m = 2\space kg$. Substituting these values into the formula: $g=\frac{18\space N}{2\space kg}$.
## Step 3: Calculate the result
$\frac{18}{2}=9\space m/s^{2}$.
# Answer:
The acceleration due to gravity on that planet is $9\space m/s^{2}$.

### Question 7
# Explanation:
## Step 1: Recall the weight formula
The formula for weight is $W = m	imes g$, and we can re - arrange it to solve for $m$: $m=\frac{W}{g}$. On Earth, $g = 9.8\space m/s^{2}$ and $W = 4.9\space N$.
## Step 2: Substitute the given values
Substitute $W = 4.9\space N$ and $g = 9.8\space m/s^{2}$ into the formula: $m=\frac{4.9\space N}{9.8\space m/s^{2}}$.
## Step 3: Calculate the result
$\frac{4.9}{9.8}=0.5\space kg$.
# Answer:
The mass of the grapefruit is $0.5\space kg$.

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