Question

employees and employers both pay a payroll tax for social security and medicare. these government programs are considered ____________ because that spending is required by law.
options: earned income, employer contributions, pre - tax deductions, mandatory government spending
individuals who work for themselves, such as freelancers or contractors, are considered ____________.
options: self - employed, unemployed, pseudo - employed

Explanation:

First Question:

To solve this, we analyze each option:

• "earned income" refers to income from work, not related to government spending type.
• "employer contributions" are what employers pay, but the question is about the government programs' spending category.
• "pre - tax deductions" are deductions from income before tax, not about government spending.
• "mandatory government spending" is spending required by law, which matches the description of Social Security and Medicare spending (required by law).

• "Self - Employed" is the term for individuals who work for themselves (like freelancers, contractors).
• "Unemployed" means not having a job and looking for one, which doesn't fit.
• "Pseudo - Employed" is not a standard term for this situation.

Answer:

D. mandatory government spending

Second Question: