Question

europeans in north america
chapter 11 section 3
the race for north america
while spain and portugal led the way in their efforts to establish colonies in the americas, other european nations were not far behind. over the next few centuries the english, dutch, and french also made voyages in search of wealth and opportunity. many would never find the gold they sought. with little gold, many europeans sought to exploit the land in new ways. for many, the best bet seemed could be to use the americas as a way to mine raw materials that could be turned into products back overseas. by the 1700s most european groups were doing just that.
new france
in 1524 ad, nearly 30 years after columbus, explorers in the service of the french crown began exploring north america. in their first voyages, they established a harbor near what is present - day new york. ten years later, jacques cartier arrived in the americas by way of a riverway that he named the st. lawrence river. years later they had established the cities of montreal and quebec.
the capital of frances colonial empire was the city of quebec. from there they would attempt to establish cities throughout north america all centered on fur trapping. in fact, france seemed keen on simply using lands they encountered in the americas for this purpose exclusively. unlike other european groups that came to the americas, the french seemed to have little interest in settling permanently in the americas. for this reason, the french colonies were very sparsely populated, numbering only 65,000 settlers by 1750 ad. inferior numbers would prove to be detrimental as other groups such as the english began increasing in population as well as influence in the americas.
the english
the first english ships arrived in the americas in 1607 where they established the first english colonies in virginia. the settlement became known as jamestown, named after the english king james, who financed the journey. the settlement at jamestown brought plenty of gold testing kits, however, the colony almost folded when the group was unable to grow enough food to sustain them. finally, with the aid of native americans including one, named squanto (who had spent time in england), the english began to thrive in the americas.
one of the keys to the success of jamestown was a new crop called tobacco. the leaves could be dried, shredded, rolled and eventually sold as cigarettes. these were highly addictive and thus, the english had a product that was always in demand. while they found very little gold in the americas, they found tobacco to be almost as profitable.
religious freedoms
other groups of english came seeking religious freedom. one group was the pilgrims, who were fleeing religious persecution in europe. in 1620, they arrived in plymouth, massachusetts. in 1630 the puritans who had seen the secular nature of the renaissance in europe and decided to pursue religious devotion oceans away in a
ew world\ arrived in massachusetts bay. the preacher john winthrop described the colonys mission as seeking to be \a city on a hill\, one that set the standard for other christians to follow. over time, the various english colonies took hold in the
ew world.\ populations grew as did spheres of influence. eventually the english crown and the french crown would go to war with one another over their land claims in north america.
the dutch
one other european group, the dutch, also made voyages to the americas. the dutch voyages were led by an englishman named henry hudson beginning in 1609. hudson founded the hudson river, hudson bay and the hudson strait which were later named after him. the dutch eventually founded new netherlands, an area encompassing present day new york. the dutch were eventually ousted by english with england taking over all of the dutch settlements in the americas. soon england would also be at war with france for its holdings as well. by 1763, only two european groups were still present on mainland america: the british and the spanish.
european arrival in the americas had a lasting impact on the mainland and its native peoples. as you will see in the next chapter, it was about to have a lasting impact on another continent as well - africa.

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Answer:

Since no specific question is provided about this text (e.g., a question about a historical event, a term, or a concept in the text), it's not possible to give a targeted answer. If you have a question like "Who led the Dutch voyages beginning in 1609?" or "What was the capital of New France?", please share it, and I'll be able to assist you with the appropriate explanation and answer.