Question

1. the first step of the environmental policy process is to

a. guide the solution to law
b. identify the problem.
c. get organized.
d. gain access to policymakers.

1. experiments or observational studies in which only one variable is manipulated are described as:

a. controlled.
b. observed.
c. dependent.
d. independent.

1. from the passage about historical civilizations, it is possible to infer that the anasazi, an ancient civilization that:

a. collapsed after the greek empire.
b. lived in the new world.
c. were part of the roman empire.
d. persisted and live in the new world today.
section 2: true/false (1 point each x 5 questions = 6 points)
circle true if the statement is entirely correct or false if any part of the statement is

1. true / false environmentalism is the study of how the natural world works, how the environment affects us, and how we affect our environment.
2. true / false the process by which the scientific community examines a paper publication is called peer review.
3. true / false decision - makers commonly use a method called supply and demand when they compare what they will sacrifice and gain by a specific action.
4. true / false all economies depend on the environment.
5. true / false in the us, the strength of environmental policy is constant.
6. true / false a sustainable system can continue indefinitely without compromising resources for future generations.

section 3: vocabulary & short answer (2 points each x 4 questions = 8 points)
answer the following questions concisely.
what is \the tragedy of the commons\?
the tragedy of the commons

Explanation:

1. Identifying the problem is the first - step in the environmental policy process as it helps in understanding what needs to be addressed.
2. Experiments or observational studies where only one variable is manipulated are controlled studies to isolate the effect of that variable.
3. Without the passage, we cannot answer this question accurately. But based on general knowledge, none of these options are correct without proper context about the Anasazi civilization.
4. Environmentalism is about the relationship between the natural world and humans, so this is True.
5. Peer - review is the process by which the scientific community examines a paper for publication, so this is True.
6. Decision - makers use cost - benefit analysis (not supply and demand in this context) to compare sacrifices and gains, so this is False.
7. All economies depend on natural resources and environmental services, so this is True.
8. The strength of environmental policy in the US is not constant as it changes with political, social, and economic factors, so this is False.
9. A sustainable system can continue indefinitely without compromising resources for future generations, so this is True.

The "tragedy of the commons" is a situation where individuals, acting in their self - interest, over - exploit a shared resource, leading to its degradation.

Answer:

1. B. identify the problem
2. A. controlled
3. (Cannot be answered accurately without the passage)
4. TRUE
5. TRUE
6. FALSE
7. TRUE
8. FALSE
9. TRUE

The "tragedy of the commons" is the over - exploitation of a shared resource by individuals acting in self - interest, leading to its degradation.