Question

gizmo warm - up
in the phases of water gizmo, you can heat up or cool down a beaker of water.

1. press heat to heat up the water. wait until the temperature stops rising and observe. what happens?

the water boils, forming bubbles, and liquid water turns into vapor

1. why do you think the lid lifts up?

1. now press chill to remove thermal energy from the water. what happens now?

Explanation:

1. The first question's answer is already provided, describing the boiling and vaporization of water when heated.
2. When water boils and turns into water vapor, the gas molecules occupy more space and move rapidly, creating increased pressure inside the sealed container. This pressure pushes upward on the lid, causing it to lift.
3. When thermal energy is removed from water, its temperature drops. Once it reaches the freezing point (0°C at standard pressure), the liquid water loses enough energy and transitions into solid ice, expanding slightly in the process.

Answer:

1. The water boils, forming bubbles, and liquid water turns into vapor.
2. The rising water vapor builds up pressure inside the container, which pushes upward and lifts the lid.
3. The water cools down, and as it loses enough thermal energy, it freezes into solid ice.