Question

r.2.2

1. how does the author effectively develop the central idea that “united we stand, divided we fall” is a powerful and influential phrase throughout american history?

a. by explaining the phrase’s origin in aesop’s fables and its moral about the strength of unity
b. by illustrating its prevalence in pop culture, such as in classic rock songs and best - selling books
c. by highlighting its usage in significant historical speeches by patrick henry and abraham lincoln
d. by showing how the phrase has been used to unite people in various situations of need, peril, or strife

r.2.3

1. how does the author use an appeal to ethics and credibility to emphasize the significance of the phrase “united we stand, divided we fall”?

a. by reminding the reader that patrick henry used the phrase “during his last speech”
b. by repeatedly stating that the phrase has “the ability to reach everyone”
c. by providing evidence that the phrase is relatable to a variety of experiences
d. by quoting reputable historical figures who have used the phrase in their speeches

r.3.4

1. how does the author use an appeal to emotions to emphasize the importance of unity?

a. by highlighting the joy and success that unity brings to different groups
b. by emphasizing the sadness and despair that comes from being divided
c. by explaining the practical benefits of working together toward a shared goal
d. by describing the comfort and security people feel when they stand together

r.2.1

1. how does the author use description and cause and effect structures to develop purpose in the text?

a. the author describes the phrase’s origin and meaning, then explains how its message has led to its lasting influence in politics and culture.
b. the author describes how the phrase has changed over time, then compares it to other sayings with similar meanings.
c. the author uses vivid details to show how the phrase is remembered, then explains how it inspired new fables and stories.
d. the author lists key events in the phrase’s history, then explains why some of those events are more important than others.

Explanation:

Question 3

To determine how the author develops the central idea, we analyze each option:

• Option A: The phrase's origin in Aesop's fables doesn't focus on its American history influence. Eliminate.
• Option B: Pop culture examples (rock songs, books) aren't the main way to show its historical influence. Eliminate.
• Option C: Highlighting usage in significant historical speeches (Patrick Henry, Lincoln) in times of need shows its power in American history. This aligns with the central idea.
• Option D: While uniting people is part of it, the focus on "American history" is better addressed by historical speeches in C.

For ethical appeal (ethos), we look for credibility:

• Option A: Reminding about Patrick Henry's last speech doesn't build ethos broadly. Eliminate.
• Option B: Repeating the phrase's ability to reach everyone is not an ethical appeal. Eliminate.
• Option C: Relatability to experiences is more pathos or logos, not ethos. Eliminate.
• Option D: Quoting reputable historical figures (ethos - using authority) emphasizes the phrase's significance. This is the correct ethical appeal.

Appeal to emotions (pathos) involves evoking feelings:

• Option A: Joy and success from unity is positive, but let's check others.
• Option B: Sadness from division is negative, but the question is about unity's importance.
• Option C: Practical benefits are logos (logic), not pathos. Eliminate.
• Option D: Describing comfort and security when standing together evokes emotional feelings (pathos) about unity. This is the best emotional appeal for unity's importance.

Answer:

C. by highlighting its usage in significant historical speeches by Patrick Henry and Abraham Lincoln

Question 4