Question

8 how does the author’s language in paragraph 7 contribute to the tone of the article?
a. it creates a dismissive tone
b. it establishes a realistic and encouraging tone
c. it creates an angry tone
d. it shifts the focus toward product ads
9 read this quotation from paragraph 13.
...kicking the plastic habit is hard...
the author’s use of figurative language suggests that —
a. reducing plastic is simple for everyone
b. changing habits can be challenging
c. plastic is illegal to use
d. the author is uninterested in solutions
10 explain how the author’s language reveals her evolving attitude toward reducing personal plastic use. use evidence from the text to support your response.

Explanation:

Question 8

To determine the correct answer, we analyze the author's language in paragraph 7 (assuming context about reducing plastic use, a common topic). A dismissive tone (A) would show disregard, which is unlikely. An angry tone (C) would have hostile language, not typical for such a topic. Shifting to product ads (D) is irrelevant to tone about the topic. A realistic and encouraging tone (B) fits as the author likely presents facts (realistic) and motivates change (encouraging).

The phrase "kicking the plastic habit is hard" uses figurative language (treating reducing plastic as a habit to "kick," like a bad habit). Option A says it's simple, which contradicts "hard." Option C is wrong as plastic isn't illegal. Option D is wrong as the author is interested in solutions (since they discuss reducing plastic). Option B matches, as kicking a habit (like plastic use) being hard means changing the habit is challenging.

1. Initial Attitude: At first, the author’s language might show uncertainty or reluctance. For example, if the text has phrases like "I was skeptical" or "I thought it would be impossible," this shows doubt about reducing plastic use.
2. Evolution: Later, language like "I started small, using reusable bags" or "I noticed progress" reveals a shift to determination or hope. Evidence could be quotes like "At first, I struggled, but now I feel empowered" (hypothetical, but based on typical texts about plastic reduction).
3. Conclusion: The author’s language moves from doubt to proactive engagement, showing an evolving attitude from hesitant to committed.

(Note: Actual evidence depends on the text, but the structure is: identify initial tone (doubt/reluctance), show how language changes (e.g., action verbs, positive tone), and cite text examples like quotes about trying new methods or feeling successful.)

Answer:

B. It establishes a realistic and encouraging tone

Question 9