Question

1. how did the civil rights movement influence federalism in the u.s.?

a. by expanding federal civil rights enforcement
b. by increasing state independence
c. by decentralizing civil enforcement
d. by reducing federal involvement

1. who leads the executive branch?

a. house of representatives body
b. president as chief executive
c. senate with legislative powers
d. supreme court justices

1. what role did the concept of decentralization play in modern federalism?

a. centralizing authority nationally
b. distributing power from the center
c. limiting state influence on policies
d. restricting state decision-making

Explanation:

Question 1

The Civil Rights Movement led to federal laws (like the Civil Rights Act) that expanded federal enforcement of civil rights, reducing state - level discrimination. Option b is wrong as the movement reduced state independence in civil rights matters. Option c is wrong as it was about centralizing (federal) civil enforcement. Option d is wrong as the movement increased federal involvement. So the correct option is a.

The Executive Branch of the US is led by the President, who is the chief executive. The House of Representatives (a) and Senate (c) are part of the Legislative Branch. Supreme Court justices (d) are part of the Judicial Branch. So the correct option is b.

Decentralization in federalism means distributing power from the central (federal) government to state or local governments. Option a is the opposite (centralizing). Option c is wrong as decentralization increases state influence on policies. Option d is wrong as it allows more state decision - making. So the correct option is b.

Answer:

a. By expanding federal civil rights enforcement

Question 2