Question

1. how was the shang dynasty established? how long did it last?

Explanation:

• Establishment of the Shang Dynasty: The Shang Dynasty was established when Tang of Shang (Tang the Perfect) overthrew the last ruler of the Xia Dynasty, Jie, around 1600 BCE. Tang led a rebellion against Jie's tyrannical rule, and after defeating Jie at the Battle of Mingtiao, he established the Shang Dynasty.
• Duration of the Shang Dynasty: The Shang Dynasty lasted from approximately 1600 BCE to 1046 BCE. This is calculated based on historical records and archaeological evidence, with the dynasty coming to an end when King Zhou of Shang was defeated by Wu of Zhou at the Battle of Muye, leading to the establishment of the Zhou Dynasty.

Answer:

• Establishment: The Shang Dynasty was established by Tang of Shang (Tang the Perfect) around 1600 BCE after he overthrew Jie, the last ruler of the Xia Dynasty, following the Battle of Mingtiao.
• Duration: The Shang Dynasty lasted for approximately 554 years, from around 1600 BCE to 1046 BCE.