Question

individuals who believe that an unpleasant experience is unavoidable and therefore do nothing to change the course of events are exhibiting a. self - actualization attributes b. the fight - or - flight response c. attributional deficits d. cognitive dissonance e. learned helplessness

Explanation:

• Self-actualization refers to fulfilling one's potential, not inaction due to perceived unavoidable harm.
• Fight-or-flight is a stress response of confronting or fleeing a threat, not passive acceptance.
• Attributional deficits involve difficulties explaining events, not learned inaction.
• Cognitive dissonance is the discomfort of conflicting beliefs, not passive behavior from perceived inevitability.
• Learned helplessness occurs when individuals repeatedly face uncontrollable negative events, leading them to believe they cannot change outcomes and stop trying, which matches the description.

Answer:

E. learned helplessness