Question

name:
chapter 3 principles of the constitution (p.92)
define the following vocabulary terms in complete sentences. print/write clearly.

1. popular sovereignty -
2. limited government -
3. rule of law -
4. separation of powers -
5. checks and balances -
6. enumerated powers -
7. reserved powers -
8. concurrent powers -
9. supremacy clause -
10. judicial review (p.232) -

indicate if the power is held by the: federal/national government, state government or is shared by both governments. write: federal, state or shared in the blank for each power listed.

1. collect taxes
2. maintain military
3. conduct elections
4. enforce laws
5. coin (create) money
6. establish courts

Explanation:

1. Popular Sovereignty: The idea that the authority of a government is created and sustained by the consent of its people.
2. Limited Government: A government whose power is restricted by law, often through a constitution.
3. Rule of Law: The principle that all individuals and institutions are subject to and accountable to law.
4. Separation of Powers: The division of a government's legislative, executive, and judicial functions among separate branches.
5. Checks and Balances: A system that allows each branch of government to limit the powers of the other branches.
6. Enumerated Powers: Powers specifically granted to the federal government in the Constitution.
7. Reserved Powers: Powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States.
8. Concurrent Powers: Powers that are shared by both the federal and state governments.
9. Supremacy Clause: A clause in the U.S. Constitution that makes federal law the supreme law of the land.
10. Judicial Review: The power of the courts to review and invalidate laws and government actions that violate the Constitution.
11. Collect taxes: SHARED - Both federal and state governments can collect taxes.
12. Maintain military: FEDERAL - The federal government is responsible for maintaining the military.
13. Conduct elections: STATE - States generally conduct elections, though the federal government has some oversight in federal elections.
14. Enforce laws: SHARED - Both federal and state governments have law - enforcement mechanisms.
15. Coin (create) money: FEDERAL - Only the federal government has the power to coin money.
16. Establish courts: SHARED - The federal government has a system of federal courts, and states have their own court systems.

Answer:

1. Popular Sovereignty: The idea that the authority of a government is created and sustained by the consent of its people.
2. Limited Government: A government whose power is restricted by law, often through a constitution.
3. Rule of Law: The principle that all individuals and institutions are subject to and accountable to law.
4. Separation of Powers: The division of a government's legislative, executive, and judicial functions among separate branches.
5. Checks and Balances: A system that allows each branch of government to limit the powers of the other branches.
6. Enumerated Powers: Powers specifically granted to the federal government in the Constitution.
7. Reserved Powers: Powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States.
8. Concurrent Powers: Powers that are shared by both the federal and state governments.
9. Supremacy Clause: A clause in the U.S. Constitution that makes federal law the supreme law of the land.
10. Judicial Review: The power of the courts to review and invalidate laws and government actions that violate the Constitution.
11. Collect taxes: SHARED
12. Maintain military: FEDERAL
13. Conduct elections: STATE
14. Enforce laws: SHARED
15. Coin (create) money: FEDERAL
16. Establish courts: SHARED