Question

new jersey v. t.l.o. (1985) directions read the excerpt from the supreme court decision in new jersey v. t.l.o. then answer the questions that follow. analyze the context in a new jersey high school, two girls were caught smoking cigarettes in a bathroom. one girl immediately confessed but the other girl, known as t.l.o., was suspected of having other illicit substances in her purse. the second girl did not confess. the schools vice - principal who found the smoking students searched t.l.o.s purse and found marijuana and other items. t.l.o. and her parents sued the school for a violation of her fourth amendment protection against unreasonable search and seizure. the case went to the u.s. supreme court with the question of student privacy at the center of the case. the excerpt below is the holding, or decision, made by the court detailing that students do not have the same expectation of privacy in school as other places in civic life. primary source: supreme court ruling if schoolchildren have legitimate expectations of privacy. they may find it necessary to carry with them a variety of legitimate, noncontraband items, and there is no reason to conclude that they have necessarily waived all rights to privacy in such items by bringing them onto school grounds. but in seeking to balance between schoolchildrens legitimate expectations of privacy and the schools equally legitimate need to maintain an environment in which learning can take place requires some easing of the restrictions to which searches by public authorities are ordinarily subject. thus, school officials need not obtain a warrant before searching a student who is under their authority. moreover, school officials need not be held to the requirement that searches be based on probable cause to believe that the subject of the search has violated or is violating the law. rather, the legality of a search of a student should depend simply on the reasonableness, under all the circumstances, of the search. determining the reasonableness of any search involves a determination of whether the search was justified at its inception and whether, as conducted, it was reasonably related in scope to the circumstances that justified the interference in the first place. under ordinary circumstances, the search of a student by a school official will be justified at its inception where there are reasonable grounds for suspecting that the search will turn up evidence that the student has violated or is violating either the law or the rules of the school. -ruling of the supreme court of the united states in new jersey v. t.l.o., 1985 1a summarizing why does the court hold that students in school do not have the same expectation of privacy as other members of society? 1b inferring where else could citizens have a reduced sense of privacy? 2 citing text evidence according to the decision, does a teacher or school official need probable cause to search student belongings? 3 interpreting what is the standard that school officials are held to under the t.l.o. decision? 4 inferring the decision in t.l.o. demonstrates that constitutional freedoms are not absolute. what are other examples of limitations placed on our constitutional freedoms?

Explanation:

1A. Schools must maintain a safe learning environment, so students' privacy is limited compared to the general public.
1B. Airports, courthouses, and prisons are places where citizens may have a reduced sense of privacy due to security and regulatory needs.

1. The court ruled that school officials only need reasonable suspicion, not probable cause, to search student belongings to balance school - safety needs and students' privacy.
2. School officials must show that a search is reasonable under the circumstances, not based on probable cause, to respect students' privacy while maintaining school order.
3. Examples of limitations on constitutional freedoms include restrictions on free speech in cases of hate speech or inciting violence, and limitations on the right to assemble for public safety reasons.

Answer:

1A. Schools must maintain a safe learning environment, so students' privacy is more limited.
1B. Airports, courthouses, prisons.

1. No, school officials only need reasonable suspicion.
2. Must show a search is reasonable under the circumstances, not probable cause.
3. Restrictions on free - speech for hate speech or inciting violence; limitations on the right to assemble for public safety.