Question

1. part a: which statement identifies the central idea of the text?

a. the united states took control of the hawaiian islands despite the opposition of a majority of native hawaiians.

b. the trade agreement between the united states and the hawaiian islands was mutually beneficial.

c. the united states annexed the hawaiian islands due to a concern regarding national security.

d. the original governing system of the hawaiian islands was dysfunctional and in need of a drastic change.

Explanation:

The text details native Hawaiian opposition (formal protest statements, the 1897 Petition) to annexation, while also explaining how pro-annexation forces in Congress used a joint resolution (requiring only a simple majority) to successfully annex Hawaii after an initial treaty defeat, and notes that native Hawaiian struggles were neglected in early histories. Option B is incorrect as trade is not the central focus; Option C is incorrect because national security (linked to the Maine and Spanish-American War) was a supporting factor, not the core of the text; Option D is incorrect as the text does not claim Hawaii's original government was dysfunctional.

Answer:

A. The United States took control of the Hawaiian Islands despite the opposition of a majority of native Hawaiians.