Question

question 17
the bethesda system is used to
report breast cytology
report colon cytology
report cervical cytology
report bartholin gland cyst cytology
question 18
what is now thought to be the most important causative agent in cervical cancer?
pcos
vulvar cancer
herpes simplex
hpv
question 19
which of the following is an ethical issue that is specifically associated with pre - implantation testing with art?
ownership of frozen embryos after the couple has divorced
a surrogate deciding she does not want to relinquish the infant

Explanation:

Question 17:

The Bethesda System is a standardized reporting system specifically developed for cervical cytology (Pap test results) to categorize cellular changes.

Question 18:

Extensive research confirms that the human papillomavirus (HPV) is the primary and most important causative agent for nearly all cases of cervical cancer.

Question 19 (partial visible options):

Pre-implantation testing with assisted reproductive technology (ART) involves genetic screening of embryos before implantation. The visible option about ownership of frozen embryos after divorce is not specific to pre-implantation testing; the other visible option about a surrogate refusing to relinquish an infant relates to gestational surrogacy, not pre-implantation testing. However, based on standard ethical issues in pre-implantation ART, a key specific issue (not fully visible here) would involve selection of embryos based on genetic traits, but among the partial options provided, neither is the correct specific one. However, if we only assess the given partial options, neither matches, but this note clarifies the context.

Answer:

1. Question 17: C. report cervical cytology
2. Question 18: D. HPV
3. Question 19: The provided partial options do not include the correct specific ethical issue for pre-implantation testing with ART. A correct example would be ethical debates around selecting embryos for genetic traits (e.g., sex, disease susceptibility), which is not listed in the visible options.